History of Batik Tulungagung
The
history of batik in Indonesia is closely linked with the development
and dissemination of the Majapahit empire of Islam in Java. In some
records, the development of batik is a lot to do in times of Mataram
Kingdom, then on the work of Solo and Yogyakarta.
So
the art of batik in Indonesia has known since the days of the Majapahit
kingdom and growing to the kingdom and the subsequent kings. As for
starting the spread of this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia
and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the century or the
beginning of XVIII-XIX century. Produced batik batik is all until the
early twentieth century and printed batik is known only after the world
wars or the unity out around 1920. The connection with the spread of
Islamic teachings. Many areas in Java batik centers are areas Batik
students and then become a tool of economic perjaungan by figures
pedangan Muslims against the Dutch economy.
Batik
art is the artistic image on the fabric for clothing that becomes one
of cultural keluaga Indonesian kings of antiquity. Batik was originally
done only in the courts only limited and the results for the clothing of
kings and their families and their followers. Because many of the
followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was
brought by the palace and carried them out in place of each.
Over
time this batik art imitated by the people nearest and subsequently
expanded into the job of women in the household to fill his spare time.
Furthermore, batik clothing was only the royal family, then became a
popular folk clothes, both women and men. White fabric that is used when
it is the result of homespun.
Medium
coloring materials used consist of plants native to Indonesia who made
their own from among others: noni tree, height, perch, soga, indigo, and
materials made from soda ash soda, as well as salts made from mud.
Majapahit Dinasty
Batik
has become the kingdom of culture Majahit, pat traced in Mojokerto and
Tulung Court. Mojoketo are areas closely related to the Majapahit
kingdom during the first and the origin of the name have anything to do
with Majapahit Majokerto. Relation to the development of batik developed
in Tulung Great Majapahit is the history of batik development of this
area, can be extracted from the relics of the era of the Majapahit
kingdom. At that time the area is partly composed of Tulungagung swamps
in the history of the area known as Bonorowo, which at the time of
Majapahit bekembangnya area controlled by a Duke benama Kalang, and did
not surrender to the kingdom of Majapahit.
Told
that the police actions waged by Majapahati, Duke Kalang allegedly
killed in the fighting around the village which is now reportedly named
Kalangbret (located in District Kauman Tulungagung District). Thus, the
officers and soldiers who settled keluara Majapahit kingdom and lived in
the territory which is now named Bonorowo or Tulungagung among others
also bring original art to make batik.
Local
batik is now available in Kwali in Mojokerto, Mojosari, Betero and
Sidomulyo. Outside the Mojokerto regency is in Jombang. At the end of
XIX century there were several people batik known in Mojokerto, the
materials used at that time white cloth woven by himself and drugs from
soga jambal batik, noni, indigo tom, height and so forth.
Drugs
known abroad the new postwar world of unity which are sold by Chinese
traders in Mojokerto. Batik is known along with the entry of drugs from
abroad batik. Cap made in Bangil and entrepreneurs can buy batik
Mojokerto Porong market in Sidoarjo, this Porong Market before the world
economic crisis known as the bustling market, where the results of
production and Jetis Sidoarjo batik Kedungcangkring lot sale. Time of
economic crisis, batik entrepreneurs participate Mojoketo paralyzed,
because most small entrepreneurs business. Batik events arising after
the crisis go back to Japan's entry into Indonesia, and the time the
Japanese occupation of batik activities paralyzed again. Batik activity
appears again after the revolution which has become a regional Mojokerto
occupation.
A
typical characteristic of batik Kalangbret (Tulungagung) from Mojokerto
is almost equal to the output of batik-batik of Yogyakarta, which is
basically white and brown 's type and color of dark blue. In Tulungagung
known since more than a century ago in the village of batik place Majan
and Simo. The village also has a history as a relic from the war era
Prince Diponegoro in 1825.
Although
batik is known since antiquity Majapahait but batik development began
to spread rapidly since the region of Surakarta, Central Java and
Yogyakarta, at the time of the kingdom in this region. It appears that
the development of batik in Mojokerto and subsequent Supreme Tulung more
influenced style batik in Solo and Yogyakarta.
In
the clash between the Dutch colonial army with the troops of Prince
Diponegoro, then some of the Kyai Mojo troops withdrew towards the east
and until now the Majan. Since the Dutch colonial period until the time
of independence is the status of rural villages Merdikan Majan (Special
Region), and the village head of a chaplain whose
status-temurun.Pembuatan Uirun Majan batik is an instinct (relic) of the
art of making batik Diponegoro war era.
Color
babaran Majan and Simo batik is unique because babarannya bright red
color (from noni skin) and other colors from tom. As a batik Setra since
time immemorial village area is also famous Sembung, which batik
entrepreneurs mostly from Tulungagung Sala coming in at the end of XIX
century. Only now there are still some families who settled batik from
Sala Sembung area. Apart from the proficiency level in these places
there are also areas of batik in Psychology and also a couple in Kediri,
but the nature of some of the batik craft and household babarannya
batik.
